如何解决犯罪问题

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对待香港目前的暴行、犯罪事实,教育是个大问题;不收监入狱也让犯罪成本过低甚至纵容。

这几年犯罪类话题是雅思写作的常客,每年均出现3-4次,内容涉及犯罪的原因,惩罚方式及惩罚的效果,如何避免犯罪等等,以下是雅思犯罪类题材的经典考题,供烤鸭们参考。

Inmany countries, prison is the most common solution to the problem of crime.However, another effective way is to provide people with better education sothat they can not become criminals. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

(2018年03月03日雅思大作文)

在许多国家,监狱是解决犯罪问题最普遍的办法。然而,另一个有效的方法是为人们提供更好的教育,这样他们就不会成为罪犯。

你在多大程度上同意或不同意?

In many parts of theworld, people who have violated the law are put into prison, which is avery effective way of preventing them committing more crimes. However, manyexperts believe that better education is probably an even more effective wayof addressing the problem of crime. I would suggest that both prison andeducation are important and each plays a different role in crime control.

在世界上许多地方,触犯法律的人被关进监狱,这是防止他们犯下更多罪行的非常有效的方法。然而,许多专家认为,更好的教育可能是解决犯罪问题的一种更有效的方法。我认为,监狱和教育都很重要,在控制犯罪方面发挥着不同的作用。

解析

(1)本段是一个标准的雅思作文开头段:第一、二句引入话题并陈述两方观点(许多国家都把犯人关进监狱,但专家们指出教育对犯罪控制来说更有效),第三句表明自己的观点(两者都重要,但两者扮演不同功能)。

大家可以思考一下这个问题:雅思考试题目中如果给出两个不同观点,那么这两个观点之间可能存在哪些关系?是排斥、互补,还是适用于不同场合,扮演不同功能?

(2)violate the law 犯法 (=break the law; commit crime), law breaker, law violator就是“犯人”的意思,相当于criminal。关于“犯罪”的表达,本文还用了一个变通的表达:do harm to the society and other individuals(第二段末尾),这是为了避免表达重复。

(3)address 此处当然不是“地址”,作为动词,该词的意思是“解决”(问题),相当于deal with, cope with之类。

 

 

Prison is certainly aplace where criminals can be made to understand what wrong they have doneto other people and why what they have done before is not socially acceptable.In this way, these criminals will have a better chance to come back to normal life.On top of the remedial function, prison can serve as a deterrentfor those with an inclination to crime. The likelihood of losing freedomin prison can most effectively stop them from doing harms to the society andother individuals.

监狱当然可以让罪犯了解他们对别人做了什么错事,以及他们以前做过的事为什么在社会上是不能接受的。这样,这些罪犯将有更好的机会回到正常的生活。除了补救功能外,监狱还可以对那些有犯罪倾向的人起到威慑作用。在监狱里失去自由的可能性能最有效地阻止他们对社会和其他个人造成伤害。

解析

(1)本段论证监狱的作用,关键词是remedial function(补救功能)和deterrentfunction(威慑功能)。本段共4句,每个功能均用2句论证。

(2)come back to normal life 回到正常生活

(3)on top of... 除了......(=besides; in addition to)

(4)remedial 补救的

(5)deterrent 威慑(的),震慑(的)

(6)inclination 倾向

(7)likelihood 可能性

 

 

Better education canalso bring down the overall crime rate in any community, and it is the mostdesirable preventive measure against crime. To start with, educationimproves people’s moral standards whichenable them to tell right from wrong so that they will build a robustinner wall against any antisocial behaviors. More importantly, people withbetter education are always able to find a satisfying career that will rewardthem with a decent life, and they will never think of committing any crime.

更好的教育也可以降低任何社会的整体犯罪率,这是预防犯罪的最理想措施。首先,教育提高了人们的道德水平,使他们能够分辨是非,从而在心里建立起高墙,抵御做任何反社会行为。更重要的是,受过良好教育的人总是能找到满意的事业,这份事业会让他们过上体面的生活,让他们永远都不会想到犯罪。

解析

(1)本段讨论教育对控制犯罪的作用,关键词是“moral standard”(道德水平)和 “decent life”(体面的生活),教育能够提高人的道德水平,带来体面的生活,这样人们就不太可能去犯罪了。
(2)bring down 降低(=reduce)

(3)crime rate 犯罪率

(4)preventive measures 预防性的措施

(5)moral standards 道德标准

(6)antisocial behavior 反社会行为(=crime)

(7)robust 牢固的

(8)reward 回报(n.& v.)

(9)decent 体面的

 

 

In conclusion, prisonwith its remedial and deterrent function and education with its preventivefunction are both needed in order to make this world a safer place for all ofus to live in.

总之,具有补救和威慑作用的监狱和具有预防功能的教育都是很需要的,让这个世界变得更加安全。

解析

(1)本段总结。
(2)to make this world a safer place其实也是“降低犯罪率”的另一种表达。

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