很多初次接触托福考试的考生总是非常担心托福综合写作部分，也就是我们说的小作文。其实大家完全不必为此如此焦虑。

首先，Summarize，也就是概括阅读和听力文章的主要内容和各三个分论点。这其实就是Introduction要写的内容，掌握了概括，第一段就不成问题咯！

其次，Paraphrase，也就是改写。掌握好了改写句子，你写起文章来将会感觉到如鱼得水，游刃有余。 改写其实主要有下面的方法：

 

1.使用不同的词汇

使用同义词，比如以下的一些写作高频词汇的同义词，你一定要掌握，出现的尤为频繁。important→essential, crucial, vital, significant/think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figure out/nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years, these days.

改变词性，这是一种稍微难一些的方法，要求你的语法基础非常好，你才能灵活自如的运用。

n. → v.When we look at a comparison，between A and B.../　between A and B...；
Adj. → n.There are a variety of solutions to the problem./There are various solutions to the problem.

使用不同的承接词。承接词在文章当中的使用相当频繁，不仅是段落和段落的连接，还包括句子和句子的连接。背住一些常用的承接词比你的改写将会有极大的作用。

because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for

but → however, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas

so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently

形容词的逆向表达。在某些形容词上进行修改，会达到非比寻常的效果。

not as easy as…→more difficult than.../Not uncommon→common/The cheapest → the least expensive

 

2.使用不同的句型

改变词序。这是非常简单的一种方法，完全不用动脑筋就可以进行改写。常常将句子中的状语(包括状语从句)换位置。
For many years, people have believed ...
→People believed… for many years.

After this program

has been solved, work on … can continue.

 

3.主动语态和被动语态的互相替换

Trained scientists performed this research.
This research was performed by trained scientists.
使用“there be” 句型，可以将一个简单句，马上变成一个加入定语从句或者分词的复杂句。
Several computer programs can be used to solve this problem.
There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.
或There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.

 

4.定语从句，分词和插入语的互相替换

Study…, conducted

by sociologists in 2004, shows that...
Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that...
This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has...
This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has...

接下来我们在来分析一篇新托福满分作文范文，了解满分作文要求，才能照葫芦画瓢，向满分作文靠近。下面就来详细的看一下吧。

满分：However， success depends >， such as time， hard work and luck. The list goes >， the success consists of 21 secrets. No matter what era >， one has to tries >，one will end up no where certainly.
一般：However， There are many factors contributed to success， such as time， work hard， and luck. This list could be very long. Just as a book writed by by Bryan Tracy says that the success involves 21 pieces. If >， no matter what time it is， they must try their best at the right time， at the right position， but also with a little luck. If a person live in this society， he could not succeed without trying one’s best.

鉴于两篇文章句式差别极小，因此今天主要分析亮点表达方法。其实如果仅比较优秀范例和平庸范例的用词的话，各位考生会发现差别不大。如果仅说亮点词的话，优秀范例这些表达方法不错：condition、goes on and on、secret、but does take action、end up no where。

condition这个单词超简单，绝对是无人不知的单词。但是在此处，没有用到本意“环境”的意思，而是引申出“条件，因素”这层含义。相比起平庸范例的factor，就显得factor没有文采了!再接下来的goes >，其实直译过来，就是“走好远好远”，这里也是引申出来，用来表示“很长”的意思。

第三个就是secret。本身是“秘密”的意思，但是在这里表达“组成因素”，但是同时，成功的特性在于，没成功之前，谁都不知道这些因素什么样子，换句话说，大多阐述自己如何成功的都是事后诸葛，都是恰巧走对了路，仅此而已。因此，从这个层面上来说，因为，这些因素在达成之前，谁都不知道是什么样子，因此，也可以被看做一层“迷”。因此，这里的这个secret，恰好表示出这层含义!虽然简单，但是精妙啊！

第四个的does take action，强调句式，显示出自己语法的丰富性，仅此而已，这种皮毛功夫，在托福考试里只能算是下脚料了。